From: Correlates of smoking among youth: the role of parents, friends, attitudes/beliefs, and demographics
 | Survey I (n = 2200) | Survey II (n = 2203) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | VL | H | VL | H | ||||
 | OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI |
Parent characteristics | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Mother’s education |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  College Grad | ___ |  | ___ |  | ___ |  | ___ |  |
  Some college | 1.30 | .96/1.76 | 1.35 | .99/1.85 | 1.09 | .80/1.49 | 1.06 | .77/1.44 |
  HS Grad | .73 | .51/1.03 | 1.37 | 1.19/1.88 | .83 | .58/1.18 | 1.50 | 1.10/2.04 |
  Less than HS | .46 | .21/1.00 | 2.27 | 1.37/3.75 | .44 | .19/1.03 | 1.96 | 1.69/3.14 |
 Parent smokes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  No | ___ |  | ___ |  | ___ |  | ___ |  |
  Yes | .76 | .57/1.03 | 2.10 | 1.62/2.73 | .77 | .56/1.06 | 2.08 | 1.59/2.70 |
Family engagement | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No. of days eat together |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
   <3 | ___ |  | ___ |  | ___ |  | ___ |  |
  3–5 | 1.16 | .84/1.61 | .51 | .38/.67 | 1.10 | .79/1.53 | .54 | .41/.73 |
  6> | 1.54 | 1.12/2.11 | .48 | .35/.65 | 1.17 | .85/1.62 | .49 | .36/.66 |
 No. times do things for fun |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
   <2 | ___ |  | ___ |  | ___ |  | ___ |  |
  2–4 | .79 | .60/1.03 | .73 | .55/.96 | 1.18 | .89/1.57 | .52 | .41/.67 |
  5> | 1.07 | .74/1.56 | .77 | .51/.98 | 1.51 | 1.05/2.17 | .36 | .23/.55 |
Parent monitoring | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 No. of four best friends parents know well |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  0–1 | ___ |  | ___ |  | ___ |  | ___ |  |
  2–3 | .87 | .59/1.26 | .67 | .48/.94 | .84 | .57/1.25 | .82 | .59/1.18 |
  4 | 1.38 | .95/1.99 | .49 | .35/.70 | 1.24 | .85/1.81 | .53 | .37/.77 |
 No. four best friend’s parents parents know well |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  0–1 | ______ |  | ___ |  | ___ |  | ___ |  |
  2–3 | 1.44 | 1.06/1.96 | .60 | .46/.77 | 1.07 | .78/1.45 | .62 | .49/.82 |
  4 | 1.87 | 1.33/2.65 | .31 | .21/.46 | 1.37 | .98/1.91 | .43 | .31/.81 |
 Your parents tell on friend smoking |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  No | ___ |  | ___ |  | ___ |  | ___ |  |
  Not sure | 1.36 | .78/2.36 | .49 | .34/.70 | 1.27 | .64/2.53 | .47 | .29/.77 |
  Yes | 2.03 | 1.24/3.30 | .22 | .16/.31 | 1.89 | 1.30/2.97 | .28 | .21/.37 |
 Friend’s parents tell on you smoking |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  No | ___ |  | ___ |  | ___ |  | ___ |  |
  Not sure | 1.13 | .61/2.09 | .49 | .34/.70 | 1.02 | .46/2.22 | .49 | .21/.82 |
  Yes | 1.51 | .86/2.65 | .22 | .16/.31 | 1.56 | .93/2.64 | .22 | .16/.30 |