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Table 10 Summary of methods of prospective studies of self-initiated quitting among adolescents

From: Effects of sixty six adolescent tobacco use cessation trials and seventeen prospective studies of self-initiated quitting

Study authors

Duration between first and last data collection time-point

Year of first and last data time-point

% male

Age or grade range

Number of smokers

Definition of smoker

Number of quitters

% quitters

Program exposure?

Alexander et al., 1983

1 year

1979–1980

50

10–12 year old students

551

Smoked in last month; approximately 10% of the sample had smoked in the last month at pretest

242

44

Yes

Ary, Biglan, 1988

1 year

NR

50

Grades 7, 9, and 10

64

Smoked in last week

23

36

No

Chassin, Presson, Sherman, 1984

1 year

1981–1982

50

Grades 6–11

178

Monthly;

77% were weekly smokers at pretest

33

18.5

No

Chassin, Presson, Sherman, Edwards, 1991

7 years

1980–1988

50

Grades 6th through young adulthood (mean age at last wave = 21.8 years)

1056

Monthly smoking or greater;

27% of the sample were monthly smokers at pretest

338

32

No

Chen, White, Pandina, in press

7 years

1985/87–1992/94

41

18, 21, 24 year old at baseline

324

Greater than 1 cpd

57

18

No

Ellickson, McGuigan, Klein, in press

5 years

1990–1995

44

18 year old at baseline

2151

Smoked at cigarette within the last year

1093

51

Yes

Green, 1979

5 years

1974–1979

NR

12-to-18 year old at baseline

1200

NR

324

27

No

Hansen, Collins, Johnson, Graham, 1985

3 months

1981

32

15 to 16.5 yrs.

392

Identify as a "smoker" yes or no;

Mean = 7 cigarettes per day at pretest

129

33

Yes

Hansen, McNeal, under review

1 year; a series of contiguous years

1993–2000

48

Grades 6–11

1894

Monthly

563

30

No

Laoye, Cresswell, Stone, 1972

2 years

1966–1968

50

Grades 7–10

375 regular smokers

830 occasional smokers

Regular – smoked every day

Occasional – "once in a while"

98 regular smokers/446 of full smoker sample

26 regular smokers/37 of full smoker sample

No

Paavola, Vartiainen, Puska, in press

13 years

1978–1993

49

15–28 year old;

15 year old at baseline

183

Occasional or daily smoking; occasional smoker equals less than once per month to 1–2 times per week; approximately 29% of the sample had smoked occasionally or daily at pretest (16%, daily)

64

34 (26% of daily smokers, 46% of occasional smokers)

Yes

Sargent, Mott, Stevens, 1998

3 years

1987–1989

58

16–18 year old rural youth; 16 years old at baseline

276

Smoked in last month; approximately 20% of the sample had smoked in the last month at pretest; 55% were daily smokers

79

29

No

Skinner, Massey, Krohn, Lauer, 1985

3 years

1980–1982

50

Grades 7–12

642;

perhaps 96 (15%) were weekly smokers

Smoked once or twice

96

15

No

Stein, Newcomb, Bentler, 1996

12 years

1976–1988

29

Grades 7–9 through young adulthood (mean age at last wave = 25.5 years)

18 regular 259 triers or occasional

Ever tried smoking

169

61

No

Sussman et al., unpublished data (Project TNT data)

1 year

1991–1992

50

8th grade at baseline

76

Weekly smoking; approximately 8% of the sample were weekly smokers at pretest

28

37

Yes

Sussman et al., 1998

1 year

1994–1995

58

14-to-19 year old (mean age = 16.7 years)

593

Smoked in last month; approximately 57% smoked within the last month at pretest

125

21

Yes

Zhu et al., 1999

4 years

1989–1993

53

12-to-19 year old at baseline

633

Smoked more than 100 cigarettes in life and in last 30 days; 60% were daily smokers; over all smokers mean of ~7.5 cpd

99

16

No

  1. NA = not applicable; NR = not reported.