The influence of tobacco smoking on adhesion molecule profiles

Table 1 Typical systemic adhesion molecule concentrations (ng ml^-1) in age and gender matched smokers, non-smokers, and ex-smokers

Adhesion molecule	Non-smokers	Smokers	Ex-smokers**
sP-selectin	70 – 150	60 – 145	-
sL-selectin	760 – 1200	940 – 1100	-
sE-selectin	40 – 45	40 – 45	-
sICAM-1	220 – 300*	320 – 380**	240 (-71)*
sVCAM-1	500 – 610	500 – 595	-
sPECAM-1	25	30	-
sCD44v5	35*	60**	40 (-13)*
sCD44v6	140*	265**	170 (-62)*

* p < 0.05.
* * Ex-smokers taken from the pan-European CEASE trial [139]. Ex-smokers smoked ≥ 15 cigarettes per day at baseline (plasma cotinine ≥ 50 ng ml^-1); and ceased tobacco use for 52 weeks. Tobacco cessation was validated biochemically (expired-air CO < 10 ppm and plasma cotinine <15 ng ml^-1) at regular intervals. Ex-smokers were matched for baseline tobacco consumption, gender and age with continuing smokers. Drop in adhesion molecule concentration (ng ml^-1) over one year given in brackets.
Data taken from [105, 118, 123, 124, 127, 134, 138–141].

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