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Table 2 Logistic regression analysis for urinary protein (≥ 300 mg/g creatinine)

From: Current smoking status may be associated with overt albuminuria in female patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

 

Male (n = 90)

Female (n = 169)

 

Unadjusted

Age-adjusted

Multi-adjusted

Unadjusted

Age-adjusted

Multi-adjusted

 

OR (95% CI)

P

OR (95% CI)

P

OR (95% CI)

P

OR (95% CI)

P

OR (95% CI)

P

OR (95% CI)

P

Age (years)

1.00 (0.97–1.04)

0.81

-

 

1.00 (0.96–1.04)

0.85

0.99 (0.97–1.02)

0.48

-

 

0.96 (0.92–1.00)

0.07

BMI (kg/m2)

1.10 (0.94–1.28)

0.23

1.10 (0.94–1.28)

0.22

1.04 (0.84–1.23)

0.72

0.97 (0.85–1.10)

0.59

0.97 (0.86–1.10)

0.62

0.96 (0.83–1.10)

0.52

SBP (mmHg)

1.03 (1.01–1.06)

< 0.01

1.03 (1.01–1.06)

< 0.01

1.04 (1.00–1.08)

0.03

1.03 (1.01–1.06)

0.02

1.05 (1.01–1.08)

< 0.01

1.06 (1.02–1.11)

0.01

DBP (mmHg)

1.04 (1.00–1.08)

0.04

1.04 (1.00–1.08)

0.04

0.99 (0.94–1.05)

0.78

1.03 (0.99–1.07)

0.18

1.03 (0.99–1.07)

0.21

0.98 (0.93–1.03)

0.44

HbA1c (%)

0.99 (0.76–1.29)

0.95

0.99 (0.77–1.29)

0.96

1.05 (0.76–1.46)

0.78

1.03 (0.83–1.27)

0.81

1.01 (0.82–1.26)

0.90

1.04 (0.77–1.39)

0.81

TC (mg/dL)

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

0.09

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

0.09

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

0.21

1.00 (0.98–1.01)

0.57

0.99 (0.98–1.01)

0.54

0.99 (0.97–1.01)

0.26

Triglyceride (mg/dL)

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

0.42

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

0.39

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

0.61

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

0.84

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

0.76

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

0.87

HDL-C (mg/dL)

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

0.46

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

0.48

0.99 (0.95–1.02)

0.44

1.00 (0.97–1.02)

0.80

1.00 (0.97–1.02)

0.80

1.02 (0.98–1.06)

0.37

Current smoking

1.44 (0.55–3.83)

0.46

1.48 (0.55–3.97)

0.44

1.15 (0.37–3.50)

0.81

4.13 (1.45–11.73)

< 0.01

4.00 (1.40–11.47)

0.01

5.41 (1.69–17.30)

< 0.01

  1. OR: odds ratio. CI: confidence interval. BMI: body mass index. SBP: systolic blood pressure. DBP: diastolic blood pressure. HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c. TC: Total cholesterol. HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Multivariate-adjusted analysis models include age, BMI, SBP, DBP, HbA1c, TC, triglyceride, HDL-C, and current smoking status.