Table 4 Effect of exposure to multiple sources of tobacco advertisements on current smoking among adolescents aged 13–15 years in 20 low and middle income countries, 2007-2008
Region/Country | Unadjusted effect of exposure to multiple pro-tobacco advertisements on current cigarette smoking, cOR (95% CI) | Adjusted effect of exposure to multiple pro-tobacco advertisements on current cigarette smoking, aOR (95% CI)* |
|---|---|---|
African Region | ||
Botswana | 1.14 (0.73-1.80) | 1.39 (0.80-2.42) |
Lesotho | 10.01 (3.10-32.38) | 6.68 (0.97-46.26) |
Madagascar | 2.89 (1.05-7.96) | 2.82 (0.70-11.42) |
Rwanda | 3.52 (1.16-10.74) | 2.97 (0.95-9.29) |
Seychelles | 1.40 (0.87-2.26) | 1.63 (0.98-2.71) |
South Africa | 2.61 (1.59-4.28) | 4.11 (2.26-7.47) † |
Togo | 2.88 (1.51-5.48) | 3.77 (1.27-11.21) † |
Eastern Mediterranean region | ||
Islamic Republic of Iran | 0.86 (0.40-1.82) | 1.28 (0.61-2.68) |
Tunisia | 1.31 (0.70-2.46) | 2.12 (0.87-5.15) |
Yemen | 1.47 (0.88-2.45) | 1.70 (0.74-3.90) |
Europe | ||
Kyrgyzstan | 0.65 (0.28-1.52) | 1.09 (0.37-3.20) |
FYR Macedonia | 1.44 (1.07-1.94) | 1.42 (1.01-1.99) † |
Republic of Moldova | 1.65 (1.23-2.22) | 1.53 (1.11-2.12) † |
Montenegro | 0.96 (0.60-1.56) | 0.89 (0.49-1.60) |
Serbia | 1.93 (1.12-3.33) | 1.56 (0.79-3.10) |
Region of the Americas | ||
Belize | 1.67 (0.88-3.16) | 13.95 (1.91-102.02) † |
Panama | 3.76 (1.88-7.53) | 5.14 (2.37-11.14) † |
South-East Asia | ||
Myanmar | 3.76 (1.88-7.53) | 4.13 (0.86-19.94) |
Sri Lanka | 2.30 (0.98-5.40) | 2.29 (0.75-6.98) |
Western Pacific | ||
Mongolia | 2.70 (1.11-6.52) | 1.52 (1.19-1.94) † |
Philippines | 1.02 (0.95-1.08) | 1.01 (0.91-1.12) |