Stronger pack warnings predict quitting more than weaker ones: finding from the ITC Malaysia and Thailand surveys

Table 4 Responses towards warning labels predicting follow up- year quit attempts among adult smokers from Malaysia and Thailand

	Quit attempts in follow up wave
	Malaysia (N = 750 at W2; N = 780 at W3)		Thailand (N = 1018 at W2; N = 803 at W3)
	OR ( 95% CI)^a	Adjusted OR ( 95% CI)^b	OR ( 95% CI)^a	Adjusted OR ( 95% CI)^b
Salience at w1 (scale)	1.04 (0.95 – 1.14)^NS	1.01 (0.91 – 1.12)^NS	1.04 (0.96 – 1.13)^NS	0.99 (0.90 – 1.09)^NS
At w2	0.93 (0.86 – 1.02)^NS	0.89 (0.81 – 0.99)*	1.02 (0.92 – 1.12)^NS	0.88 (0.78 – 0.98)*
Cognitive responses at w1 (scale)	1.19 (1.09 – 1.29)***	1.09 (0.98 – 1.23)^NS	1.20 (1.12 – 1.29)***	1.12 (1.02 – 1.22)*
At w2	1.03 (0.95 – 1.11)^NS	1.09 (0.97 – 1.22)^NS	1.29 (1.18 – 1.39)***	1.23 (1.11 – 1.37)***
Forgoing at w1	1.81 (1.34 – 2.45)***	1.36 (0.96 – 1.96)^NS	1.64 (1.23 – 2.19)***	1.22 (0.88 – 1.69)^NS
At w2	0.78 (0.57 – 1.07)^NS	0.69 (0.46 – 1.04)^NS	2.59 (1.85 – 3.64)***	1.55 (1.01 – 2.32)*
Avoiding at w1	1.11 (0.77 – 1.58)^NS	0.90 (0.61 – 1.32)^NS	1.51 (1.11 – 2.06)**	1.37 (0.99 – 1.89)^NS
At w2	0.67 (0.44 – 1.01)^NS	0.71 (0.45 – 1.12)^NS	1.41 (1.02 – 1.94)*	1.08 (0.74 – 1.57)^NS
Any interest in quitting at w1	1.47 (1.09 – 1.99)*	1.15 (0.80 – 1.64)^NS	1.94 (1.44 – 2.63)***	1.61 (1.17 – 2.23)**
At w2	1.02 (0.77 – 1.36)^NS	1.02 (0.72 – 1.43)^NS	3.68 (2.36 – 5.75)***	2.85 (1.79 – 4.53)***
Knowledge at baseline ^c w1	1.15 (0.85 – 1.54)^NS	1.16 (0.84 – 1.61)^NS	1.27 (0.95 –1.71)***	1.03 (0.73 – 1.41)^NS
At w2	1.25 (0.94 – 1.68)^NS	1.31 (0.95 – 1.81)^NS	1.46 (1.02 – 2.09)*	1.05 (0.70 – 1.56)^NS

^aSimple logistic (bivariate analysis); ^bMultiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, gender, and rural/urban; ^cReference category = “lower to average knowledge” (0–4 scores), ^NSNot significant; * p < .05; ** p < .01; *** p < .001.

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