From: Determining the burden of secondhand smoke exposure on the respiratory health of Thai children
Measures | Cases | Controls | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
n /% | n /% | ||
Mother smoked during pregnancy* | |||
Yes | 24 / 5.2 | 17 / 3.7 | 0. 263 |
No | 438 / 94.8 | 445/ 96.3 | |
Average number of cigarettes mother smoked per day during pregnancy ** | |||
Range 0–20 per day, mean ± SD | 0.25 ±1.46 | 0.17 ±1.26 | 0.40 |
Child’s exposure to SHS during pregnancy* | |||
Yes | 147 / 31.8 | 95 / 20.6 | 0.01 |
No | 315 / 68.2 | 367 / 79.4 | |
Number of smokers in household* | |||
1-2 persons | 271 / 93.1 | 236 / 97.1 | 0.036 |
3-4 persons | 20 / 6.9 | 6 / 2.5 | |
4-5 persons | 0 / 0 | 1 / 0.4 | |
Total number of cigarettes smoked in household per day * | |||
Range 1–40 per day, mean ± SD | 12.08 ±7.71 | 9.95 ±6.90 | <0.001 |
Child’s exposure to cigarette smoke while being held by a caregiver* | |||
Yes | 121/26.2 | 31/6.7 | 0.01 |
No | 341/73.8 | 431/93.3 | |
Child’s exposure to smoke produced from cooking* | |||
Yes | 134 / 45.3 | 131 / 44.3 | 0.9 |
No | 162 / 54.7 | 165 / 55.7 | |
*Chi-squared test | |||
** Student’s t-test |