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Table 2 Comparison of the gender, risk for mental illness based on GHQ-12 and HADS among smokers according to the Fagerström test score levels

From: Mental health screening and increased risk for anxiety and depression among treatment-seeking smokers

 

Fagerström test scores (n = 101)

X 2*

P

0-3 point

4-6 point

7-10 point

Low dependence

Medium dependence

High dependence

n = 46

n = 28

n = 27

Gender

Male (n = 69)

31 (44.9%)

18 (26.1%)

20 (29.0%)

0.6

0.725

Female (n = 32)

15 (46.9%)

10 (31.2%)

7 (21.9%)

GHQ-12

Positive (n = 38)

10 (26.3%)

13 (34.2%)

15 (39.5%)

9.6

0.008††

Negative (n = 63)

36 (57.1%)

15 (23.8%)

12 (19.0%)

HADS anxiety

Positive (n = 17)

4 (23.5%)

5 (29.4%)

8 (47.1%)

5.3

0.022

Negative (n = 84)

42 (50.0%)

23 (27.4%)

19 (22.6%)

HADS depression

Positive (n = 23)

6 (26.1%)

8 (34.8%)

9 (39.1%)

4.4

0.037

Negative (n = 78)

40 (51.3%)

20 (25.6%)

18 (23.1%)

  1. p < 0.05, ††p < 0.01, *A linear by linear association chi-square test was used.