From: Prevalence and associated factors of smoking among secondary school students in Harare Zimbabwe
Factors | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Odds Ratio | 95%CI | P | Odds Ratio | 95%CI | P |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Male | 2.68 | 1.86-3.84 | < 0.001 | - | - | - |
Age (years) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   13-15 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
   16-17 | 1.37 | 0.88-2.12 | 0.154 | - | - | - |
   18-19 | 2.76 | 1.78-4.29 | < 0.001 |  |  |  |
Race | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   African Origin | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
   Caucasian Origin | 2.82 | 1.58-5.05 | < 0.001 | - | - | - |
   Asian | 0.42 | 0.05-3.43 | 0.418 |  |  |  |
   Mixed race | 3.67 | 1.85-7.28 | < 0.001 |  |  |  |
Type of School | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Government | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
   Private | 5.19 | 3.56-7.56 | < 0.001 | - | - | - |
Geographical Location of School | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Low density | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
   Medium density | 1.61 | 1.05-2.49 | 0.029 |  |  |  |
   High Density | 0.22 | 0.14-0.35 | < 0.001 | 0.27 | 0.15-0.52 | < 0.001 |
Friends who smoke | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 8.66 | 5.85-12.82 | < 0.001 | 2.75 | 1.73-4.36 | < 0.001 |
Parents who smoke | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 1.73 | 1.20-2.50 | 0.004 | - | - | - |
Use Marijuana | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 20.48 | 9.85-42.57 | < 0.001 | 8.08 | 3.46-18.83 | < 0.001 |
Involved in Physical fight | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 3.32 | 2.02-5.46 | < 0.001 | 2.29 | 1.24-4.24 | 0.008 |
Drink Alcohol | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 16.06 | 8.51-30.34 | < 0.001 | 5.72 | 2.85-11.46 | < 0.001 |
Had Sexual Intercourse | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 5.46 | 3.39-8.82 | < 0.001 | 4.43 | 2.25-8.74 | < 0.001 |
Suicidal | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 1.92 | 1.22-3.00 | 0.005 |  |  |  |