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Table 4 Model-adjusted mean saliva and urinary biomarker levels pre- and post-law, Ontario, 2005-06

From: Cigarette ignition propensity, smoking behavior, and toxicant exposure: A natural experiment in Canada

Biomarker

Pre (95% CI)

Post (95% CI)

Change

B

p

Breath CO (ppm)1

4.6 (3.7, 5.4)

4.8 (3.9, 5.7)

4.3%

0.26

0.580

Saliva Cotinine2

(ng/mL)

303.9 (242.0, 381.7)

351.1 (291.6, 422.6)

15.5%

0.14

0.126

Urine Naphthols2

(NAP)

20046.3 (16281.8, 24681.3)

22904.8 (19809.2, 26481.5)

14.3%

0.13

0.209

(ng/g creatinine)

Urine

     

Hydroxyfluorenes2

(FLUOR)

2616.3 (2121.1, 3226.7)

3196.1 (2651.3, 3852.6)

22.2%

0.20

0.013

(ng/g creatinine)

Urine

     

Hydroxyphenanthrenes2

(PHEN)

469.1 (391.4, 562.3)

546.6 (458.2, 652.0)

16.5%

0.15

0.061

(ng/g creatinine)

Urine

     

1-hydroxypyrene 2

(PYR)

(ng/g creatinine)

162.4 (124.0, 212.7)

200.6 (155.6, 258.6)

23.5%

0.21

0.018

  1. Notes: Means adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, brand, total volume, IPI, velocity
  2. 1. Arithmetic mean
  3. 2. Geometric mean
  4. The table above shows the geometric average values, percent change Pre and Post RIP compliance, B and statistical significance for all biomarker variables. The model is adjusted for age, gender, race, brand, and topography covariates. All significant changes are noted by bold p values. All participants who did not complete the study were excluded for analysis.
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Tobacco Induced Diseases

ISSN: 1617-9625

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