Table 3 Comparison of outcomes for mental illness participants who used 16 mg nicotine e-cigarettes, 0 mg e-cigarettes and 21 mg nicotine patches
Outcome | 21 mg nicotine patch (n = 35, 40%) | 16 mg nicotine e-cigarette (n = 39, 45%) | 0 mg nicotine e-cigarette (n =12, 14%) | Difference (p-value) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Biochemically verified continuous abstinence at six months % (n) | 14% (5) | 5% (2) | 0 | 0.245 (patch vs. 16 mg e-cig)a |
- (16 mg vs. 0 mg e-cig) | ||||
0.115 (patch vs. combined e-cig)a | ||||
Relapse rate at six months % (n) | 71% (25) | 85% (33) | 83% (10) | 0.169 (patch vs. 16 mg e-cig) |
1.000 (16 mg vs. 0 mg e-cig) | ||||
0.149 (patch vs. combined e-cig) | ||||
Mean reduction in CPD from baseline to six months in those that did not quit Mean (SD) | 5.7 (6.3) | 9.9 (7) | 4.7 (3.5) | 0.035 (patch vs. 16 mg e-cig) |
0.068 (16 mg vs. 0 mg e-cig) | ||||
0.083 (patch vs. combined e-cig | ||||
Percentage reduction in CPD from baseline to six months in those that did not quit Mean (SD) | 29% (30%) | 49% (30%) | 31% (30%) | 0.025 (patch vs. 16 mg e-cig) |
0.153 (16 mg vs. 0 mg e-cig) | ||||
0.049 (patch vs. combined e-cig) | ||||
Treatment compliance at three months % (n) | 20% (6) | 53% (19) | 46% (5) | 0.006 (patch vs. 16 mg e-cig) |
0.670 (16 mg vs. 0 mg e-cig) | ||||
0.006 (patch vs. combined e-cig) | ||||
Adverse events | 17 (in 16 people) | 22 (in 15 people) | 5 (in 4 people) | - |
Acceptability of intervention at six months | ||||
‘Would recommend to a friend’ % (n) | 37% (11) | 83% (30) | 80% (8) | <0.001 (patch vs. 16 mg e-cig) |
1.000a (16 mg vs. 0 mg e-cig) | ||||
<0.001 (patch vs. combined e-cig) | ||||
‘Stopped as didn’t like it’ % (n) | 41% (12/29) | 29% (7/24) | 22% (2/9) | 0.356 (patch vs. 16 mg e-cig) |
1.000a (16 mg vs. 0 mg e-cig) | ||||
0.242 (patch vs. combined e-cig) | ||||