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Table 3 Gender specific all heart disease and coronary heart disease mortality by smoking statusa among adults aged 18–44 years in the United States: National Health Interview Survey, 1997–2004 followed through December, 2006

From: The risk and burden of smoking related heart disease mortality among young people in the United States

Smoking Statusa

Male (All HD)

Female (All HD)

Male (CHD)

Female (CHD)

Non current Smoker (ref)

    

No. of deaths

27

18

9

6

Current Smoker

    

No. of deaths

34

22

22

13

Crude HR

2.7

3.6

5.3

10.4

95 % CI

1.5–4.7

1.8–7.3

2.1–13.2

2.9–24.2

Age adjusted HR

2.7

3.5

5.3

9.9

95 % CI

1.5–4.7

1.7–7.1

2.1–13.3

2.7–22.8

Mutivariate HRb

2.4

3.1

3.6

14.6

95 % CI

1.2–4.7

1.3–7.6

1.2–10.4

3.3–64.9

  1. Abbreviations: HD, Heart disease; CHD, Coronary heart disease; Ref, reference group; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; No, number
  2. aSmoking status categorized as current and non-current smokers
  3. bAdjusted for age (years), race, history of hypertension, diabetes, body mass index and physical activity level