Table 1 Characteristics according to active and secondhand smoking status in men
| Â | Non-smoker | Past smoker | Current smoker | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Without secondhand smoking | With secondhand smoking | ||||||
Home | Other places | Home and other places | |||||
(n = 59) | (n = 30) | (n = 33) | (n = 37) | (n = 158) | (n = 235) | ||
Age, mean (SD) | 66.4 (5.23) | 66.4 (4.94) | 65.5 (4.69) | 65.7 (5.03) | 65.6 (6.34) | 64.7 (5.85) | 0.309 |
Education level, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Low | 21 (35.6) | 11 (36.7) | 10 (30.3) | 6 (16.2) | 41 (25.9) | 72 (30.6) | 0.029 |
Middle | 33 (55.9) | 19 (63.3) | 15 (45.5) | 25 (67.6) | 79 (50.0) | 114 (48.5) | Â |
High | 56 (8.5) | 0 (0) | 8 (24.2) | 6 (16.2) | 38 (24.1) | 49 (20.9) | Â |
History of diabetes, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Yes | 1 (1.7) | 2 (6.7) | 1 (3.0) | 3 (8.1) | 3 (1.9) | 11 (4.7) | 0.372 |
No | 58 (98.3) | 28 (93.3) | 32 (97.0) | 34 (91.9) | 155 (98.1) | 224 (95.4) | Â |
BMI, mean (SD) | 23.2 (2.28) | 23.8 (2.74) | 23.0 (2.55) | 24.0 (3.37) | 23.5 (2.38) | 23.2 (2.64) | 0.377 |
Alcohol consumption, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Non or former drinkers | 11 (18.6) | 0 (0) | 4 (12.1) | 6 (16.2) | 15 (9.5) | 24 (10.2) | 0.007 |
Less than weekly | 8 (13.6) | 0 (0) | 2 (6.1) | 1 (2.7) | 8 (5.1) | 9 (3.8) | Â |
<150Â g/week | 4 (6.8) | 2 (6.7) | 3 (9.1) | 10 (27.0) | 17 (10.8) | 22 (9.4) | Â |
150-299Â g/week | 8 (13.6) | 5 (16.7) | 5 (15.2) | 4 (10.8) | 25 (15.8) | 31 (13.2) | Â |
300-449Â g/week | 6 (10.2) | 11 (36.7) | 5 (15.2) | 1 (2.7) | 28 (17.1) | 41 (17.4) | Â |
>450Â g/week | 22 (37.3) | 12 (40.0) | 14 (42.4) | 15 (40.5) | 65 (41.1) | 108 (46.0) | Â |
Perceived mental stress, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Low | 5 (8.5) | 1 (3.3) | 1 (3.0) | 4 (10.8) | 15 (9.5) | 20 (8.5) | 0.779 |
Moderate | 40 (67.8) | 21 (70.0) | 20 (60.6) | 22 (59.5) | 88 (55.7) | 138 (58.7) | Â |
High | 14 (23.7) | 8 (26.7) | 12 (36.4) | 11 (29.7) | 55 (34.8) | 77 (32.8) | Â |
Family dentist, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Yes | 49 (83.1) | 28 (93.3) | 30 (90.9) | 31 (83.8) | 135 (85.4) | 203 (86.4) | 0.752 |
No | 10 (16.9) | 2 (6.7) | 3 (9.1) | 6 (16.2) | 23 (14.6) | 32 (13.6) | Â |
Oral hygiene, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Good | 5 (8.5) | 5 (16.7) | 6 (18.2) | 3 (8.1) | 24 (15.2) | 22 (9.4) | 0.534 |
Fair | 38 (64.4) | 18 (60.0) | 22 (66.7) | 27 (73.0) | 96 (60.8) | 148 (63.0) | Â |
Poor | 16 (27.1) | 7 (23.3) | 5 (15.2) | 7 (18.9) | 38 (24.1) | 65 (27.7) | Â |