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Table 1 Comparison of socio-demographic characteristics, oral hygiene practice, and history of shammah use of periodontal and non-periodontal pockets among adult males in Dawan Valley, Yemen

From: Prevalence and association of smokeless tobacco use with the development of periodontal pocket among adult males in Dawan Valley, Yemen: a cross-sectional study

Variable

Periodontal pocket, n (%)

Total

P value*

Absencea

Presenceb

254 (73.4)

92 (26.6)

Socio-demographic characteristics

Age in years

    

 18–29

96 (37.8)

24 (26.1)

120 (34.7)

0.043

  ≥ 30

158 (62.2)

68 (73.9)

226 (65.3)

 

Family income (monthly)

    

 YER More than 20,000

158 (62.2)

35 (38.0)

193 (55.8)

0.001

 YER 20,000 or less

96 (37.8)

57 (62.0)

153 (44.2)

 

Educational level

    

 Tertiary

73 (28.7)

10 (10.9)

83 (24.0)

0.001

 Non and primary

70 (27.6)

50 (54.3)

120 (34.7)

 

 Secondary

111 (43.7)

32 (34.8)

143 (41.3)

 

Oral hygiene practice

 Tooth brushing/day

    

 Once or more

111 (43.7)

20 (21.7)

131 (37.9)

0.001

 Sometimes

35 (13.8)

17 (18.5)

52 (15.0)

 

 Never

108 (42.5)

55 (59.8)

163 (47.1)

 

Daily dental flossing

    

 Yes

18 (7.1)

3 (3.3)

21 (6.1)

0.188

 No

236 (92.9)

89 (96.7)

325 (93.9)

 

Dental attendance

    

 Regularly or occasionally

41 (16.1)

8 (8.7)

49 (14.2)

0.214

 Sometimes

80 (31.5)

32 (34.8)

112 (32.4)

 

 Never

133 (52.4)

52 (56.5)

185 (53.5)

 

Mouth rinse after shammah (n = 68)

    

 Yes

20 (69.0)

32 (82.1)

52 (76.5)

0.208

 No

9 (31.0)

7 (17.9)

16 (23.5)

 

History of shammah use

 Never shammah user

206 (81.1)

42 (45.7)

248 (71.7)

0.001

 Former shammah user

19 (7.5)

11 (12.0)

30 (8.6)

 

 Current shammah user

29 (11.4)

39 (42.4)

68 (19.7)

 

Frequency of shammah per day (n = 68)

    

 1–5 times

10 (34.5)

8 (20.5)

18 (26.5)

0.405

 6–10 times

15 (51.7)

23 (59.0)

38 (55.9)

 

 > 10 times

4 (13.8)

8 (20.5)

12 (17.6)

 

Duration of shammah (in year) (n = 68)

    

 1–5 years

18 (62.1)

2 (5.1)

20 (29.4)

0.001

 6–10 years

9 (31.0)

12 (30.8)

21 (30.9)

 

 >10 years

2 (6.9)

25 (64.1)

27 (39.7)

 

Duration of shammah placed in mouth (in minute) (n = 68)

    

 1–5 min

8 (27.6)

3 (7.7)

11 (16.2)

0.028

 >5 min

21 (72.4)

36 (92.3)

57 (83.8)

 
  1. Score 0, Healthy gingivae; score 1, Gingival bleeding after probing; score 2, Calculus detected; score 3, Pocket 4 to 5 mm; score 4, Pocket 6 mm or more
  2. *Chi- Square test was applied
  3. aCPI scores 0–2;
  4. bCPI scores 3–4