Effectiveness of advice from physician and nurse on smoking cessation stage in Taiwanese male smokers attending a community-based integrated screening program

Table 3 Relationships between changes in smoking cessation stage and related factors (n = 358)

Variables	n	%	Change of smoking cessation stage						Chi-Square test	Crude OR(95 % C.I.)
			No change^a		Deterioration^b		Improvement^c			Improvement / No Change	Deterioration / No Change
			n	%	n	%	n	%
	358		183	51.1	73	20.4	102	28.5
Age group
≦50	65	18.2	31	47.7	16	24.6	18	27.7	χ ² = 1.58	1.00	1.00
51–64	90	25.1	46	51.1	20	22.2	24	26.7	p = 0.81	0.83 (0.37–1.88)	0.67 (0.28–1.58)
≧65	203	56.7	106	52.2	37	18.2	60	29.6		1.03 (0.51–2.07)	0.65 (0.31–1.36)
Smoking-related factors
Smoking commence age
<20	92	26.6	49	53.3	19	20.7	24	26.1	χ ² = 1.59	1.00	1.00
20	121	35.0	62	51.2	21	17.4	38	31.4	p = 0.81	1.23 (0.64–2.36)	0.72 (0.34–1.55)
>20	133	38.4	67	50.4	30	22.6	36	27.1		1.10 (0.57–2.11)	1.05 (0.52–2.12)
NK	12		5		3		4
First cigarette in the morning
<30 min	210	60.9	102	48.6	43	20.5	65	31.0	χ ² = 1.59	1.00	1.00
≧30 min	135	39.1	74	54.8	27	20.0	34	25.2	p = 0.45	0.71 (0.42–1.20)	0.80 (0.44–1.46)
NK	13		7		3		3
Cessation advice from others
no	121	35.6	69	57.0	15	12.4	37	30.6	χ ² = 6.49	1.00	1.00
yes	219	64.4	105	47.9	52	23.7	62	28.3	p = 0.04	1.06 (0.63–1.79)	2.19 (1.13–4.22)
NK	18		9		6
Intervention group
Control	283	79.1	144	50.9	66	23.3	73	25.8	χ ² = 11.20	1.00	1.00
PNA	40	11.2	18	45.0	4	10.0	18	45.0	p = 0.02	2.27 (1.07–4.83)	0.62 (0.20–1.95)
Leaflet	35	9.8	21	60.0	3	8.6	11	31.4		1.00 (0.44–2.26)	0.35 (0.10–1.22)

Precontemplation (PC): smokers who never consider to quit
Contemplation (C): smokers who ever consider and intent to quit in the six months
Preparation (P): smokers who ever consider and intent to quit in this month
Action (A): smokers who quit at follow-up
PNA group Physician and nurse advice group
^aNo change’ means that the stage at follow-up was the same as that at baseline
^bImprovement included: 1.from precontemplation at baseline to contemplation, preparation, and action at follow-up; 2. from contemplation to preparation and action; 3. from preparation to action
^cDeteriorate included: 1. from contemplation to Precontemplation; 2. from preparation to precontemplation and contemplation

ISSN: 1617-9625