Table 3 Mean changes of impulse oscillometry (IOS), fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) and exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) measurements before and immediately after 30Â min of cigar smoking (experimental session) or control session separately in young smokers with mild asthma (MA) and healthy smokers (HS)
|  | MA (n = 22) | HS (n = 25) |
|---|---|---|
Change (%) | Change (%) | |
Z5 [kPa/(L/s)] | ||
 Exrerimental group | +0.04 (+10.6 %) | +0.03 (+8.8 %) |
 Control group | −0.02 (−4.0 %) | −0.01 (−2.6 %) |
R5 [kPa/(L/s)] | ||
 Exrerimental group | +0.05 (+11.5 %) | +0.03 (+10.4 %) |
 Control group | −0.02 (−4.1 %) | −0.01 (−2.7 %) |
R10 [kPa/(L/s)] | ||
 Exrerimental group | +0.03 (+8.3 %) | +0.03 (+12.0 %) |
 Control group | −0.02 (−5.1 %) | −0.01 (−2.3 %) |
R20 [kPa/(L/s)] | ||
 Exrerimental group | +0.02 (+4.8 %) | +0.04 (+16.6 %) |
 Control group | −0.01 (−3.8 %) | −0.003 (−1.0 %) |
fdr [kPa/(L/s)] | ||
 Exrerimental group | +0.03 (+72.1 %) | −0.01 (−50.0 %) |
 Control group | −0.003 (−6.5 %) | −0.01 (−26.5 %) |
fres (Hz) | ||
 Exrerimental group | +1.55 (+13.1 %) | −0.27 (−2.6 %) |
 Control group | +0.17 (+1.3 %) | −0.03 (−0.3 %) |
X5 [kPa/(L/s)] | ||
 Exrerimental group | −0.04 (+3.4 %) | +0.003 (−3.4 %) |
 Control group | +0.002 (−1.8 %) | −0.002 (+1.7 %) |
X10 [kPa/(L/s)] | ||
 Exrerimental group | −0.02 (+76.6 %) | +0.005 (+1200 %) |
 Control group | −0.003 (+13.5 %) | 0,00 (0,0 %) |
X20 [kPa/(L/s)] | ||
 Exrerimental group | −0.02 (−24.7 %) | −0.001 (−1.3 %) |
 Control group | −0.02 (−20.9 %) | −0.004 (−4.06 %) |
AX (kPa/L) | ||
 Exrerimental group | +0.15 (+35.4 %) | −0.013 (−6.0 %) |
 Control group | +0.04 (+7.5 %) | −0.003 (−1.2 %) |
FENO (ppb) | ||
 Exrerimental group | −2.41 (−10.7 %) | −0.52 (−4.4 %) |
 Control group | +0.38 (+1.9) | +0.35 (+3.4 %) |
eCO (ppm) | ||
 Exrerimental group | +11.36 (308.6 %) | +15.52 (+352.7 %) |
 Control group | +0.18 (+4.4 %) | +0.16 (+4.2 %) |