Table 1 Demographic characteristics of recruitment sites and p-value for difference between sites, CRONICAS Study, Peru, 2010
| Â | Lima | Tumbes | Urban Puno | Rural Puno | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | 1004 (33.7) | 966 (32.4) | 503 (16.9) | 506 (17.0) | Â |
Age, median (IQR) | 54.7 (45.4–64.1) | 54.7 (44.7–64.6) | 54.8 (44.9–64.4) | 54.8 (45.1–63.9) | 0.82 |
Male, n (%) | 492 (49.0) | 483 (50.0) | 249 (49.5) | 239 (47.4) | 0.82 |
Daily use of biomass fuels, n (%) | 60 (6.0) | 221 (23.4) | 25 (4.8) | 483 (96.6) | <0.001 |
Education in years, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 Primary or Less | 424 (42.2) | 524 (54.3) | 72 (14.3) | 318 (62.9) |  |
 Secondary | 403 (40.1) | 296 (30.7) | 139 (27.6) | 158 (31.2) |  |
 Higher than Secondary | 177 (17.6) | 145 (15.0) | 292 (58.1) | 30 (5.9) |  |
Wealth Index, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 Low | 121 (12.1) | 311 (32.3) | 120 (23.9) | 356 (70.4) |  |
 Medium | 366 (36.5) | 393 (40.9) | 129 (25.7) | 136 (26.9) |  |
 High | 517 (51.5) | 258 (26.8) | 254 (50.5) | 14 (2.8) |  |
Smoking, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 Non-smoking | 855 (85.2) | 843 (87.4) | 447 (88.9) | 469 (92.7) |  |
 Occasional | 116 (11.6) | 68 (7.1) | 45 (9.0) | 6 (7.1) |  |
 Daily | 33 (3.3) | 54 (5.6) | 11 (2.2) | 1 (0.2) |  |
Pack-years (ever smokers), median (IQR) | 0.1 (0.0–0.8) | 0.5 (0.1–4.6) | 0.1 (0.0–1.2) | 0.1 (0.0–0.3) | <0.001 |