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Table 3 Self-reported performance of the 5A’s intervention, development of some related activities and knowledge of tobacco cessation resources by independent variables (individual and by organization)

From: Factors associated with implementation of the 5A’s smoking cessation model

 

Ask

Advise

Assess

Assist

Arrange

mean (sd)

p

mean (sd)

p

mean (sd)

p

mean (sd)

p

mean (sd)

p

Overall

6.4 (3.1)

 

7.1 (2.7)

 

6.3 (2.8)

 

4.4 (2.9)

 

3.2 (3.3)

 

Individual characteristics

 Profession

  Doctors

8.5 (2.4)

<.001

8.1 (2.7)

0.001

7.0 (2.5)

0.018

4.4 (2.9)

0.069

3.8 (3.2)

0.027

  Nurses

7.0 (2.9)

7.2 (2.5)

6.5 (2.6)

4.6 (3.0)

3.4 (3.4)

  Others

4.9 (3.2)

6.7 (3.0)

5.8 (3.1)

4.0 (2.9)

2.7 (3.0)

 Sex

  Women

6.3 (3.1)

0.102

7.0 (2.7)

0.304

6.3 (2.8)

0.715

4.4 (2.9)

0.450

3.1 (3.3)

0.477

  Men

6.8 (3.2)

7.2 (2.9)

6.2 (2.8)

4.6 (3.0)

3.4 (3.2)

 Smoking

  Smokers

5.8 (3.3)

0.006

6.1 (2.9)

<.001

5.9 (2.9)

0.046

3.9 (2.7)

0.018

2.5 (2.8)

0.014

  Former smokers

6.4 (3.1)

7.5 (2.6)

6.5 (2.7)

4.7 (3.0)

3.3 (3.4)

  Never smokers

6.7 (3.0)

7.3 (2.6)

6.4 (2.7)

4.5 (3.0)

3.5 (3.3)

 Age

   < 40 years/old

6.5 (3.0)

0.568

6.8 (2.7)

0.001

6.1 (2.8)

0.049

4.3 (2.8)

0.378

2.9 (3.0)

0.226

   ≥ 40 years/old

6.3 (3.3)

7.4 (2.8)

6.5 (2.8)

4.5 (3.1)

3.4 (3.5)

 Working experience

   < 14 years

6.3 (3.0)

0.094

6.8 (2.7)

0.001

6.2 (2.7)

0.126

4.3 (2.8)

0.387

3.1 (3.1)

0.476

   ≥ 14 years

6.6 (3.2)

7.4 (2.7)

6.5 (2.7)

4.5 (3.0)

3.3 (3.4)

 Previous Training

  Yes

7.2 (2.5)

0.023

7.8 (2.2)

0.003

7.1 (2.4)

0.002

5.8 (2.8)

<.001

4.9 (3.3)

<.001

  No

6.2 (3.3)

6.9 (2.8)

6.1 (2.8)

4.1 (2.9)

2.8 (3.1)

Organizational characteristics

 Type of center

  Hospital

6.3 (3.1)

0.158

7.1 (2.8)

0.961

6.3 (2.8)

0.125

4.4 (3.0)

0.291

3.1 (3.2)

0.021

  Others

6.8 (3.2)

7.1 (2.7)

6.7 (2.8)

4.7 (2.8)

3.9 (3.3)

 Type of organization

  Public

6.6 (3.1)

0.014

7.1 (2.7)

0.942

6.3 (2.7)

0.588

4.4 (2.9)

0.702

3.1 (3.2)

0.540

  Private

5.8 (3.3)

7.0 (3.0)

6.4 (3.0)

4.5 (3.0)

3.4 (3.3)